Haematology

A bone marrow transplant is a procedure to replace damaged or destroyed bone marrow with healthy stem cells. It is used to treat conditions like leukaemia, lymphoma, myeloma, aplastic anaemia, and genetic disorders. The new stem cells help restore the bone marrow's ability to produce healthy blood cells.

Common symptoms of blood disorders include fatigue and weakness, pale skin, shortness of breath, easy bruising or bleeding, frequent infections, swollen lymph nodes, bone or joint pain, and unexplained weight loss. If you experience these symptoms, it is important to consult a haematologist for proper evaluation.

Treatment for thalassemia depends on the severity. Regular blood transfusions are needed for major thalassemia, along with iron chelation therapy to remove excess iron. In some cases, bone marrow transplant can offer a cure. Genetic counseling is recommended for families with a history of thalassemia.

Leukaemia is a cancer of blood-forming tissues, including bone marrow, where abnormal white blood cells are produced. Lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphatic system, affecting lymphocytes. Both are haematological malignancies but affect different parts of the blood and immune system, requiring different treatment approaches.

You should consult a haematologist if you have persistent fatigue, unexplained bruising or bleeding, frequent infections, abnormal blood test results, family history of blood disorders, or if your doctor recommends a referral for evaluation of any blood-related condition.